小麦籽粒性状的QTL定位

QTL Mapping for Kernel Traits in Wheat

为了明确小麦籽粒性状的遗传控制基础,以γ射线诱变结合花药培养创制的大粒、高蛋白小麦新种质H307及生产上主栽品种郑麦9023创建的含有310个株系的重组自交系为实验材料,利用QTL-ICIMapping V3.3软件构建了包含133对SSR标记的遗传连锁图谱,对千粒重、粒长、粒宽、籽粒面积、周长、粗蛋白和淀粉含量进行QTL分析,结果在两年环境条件下共检测到47个加性QTL和10个QTL富集区,其中6个千粒重QTL,分别位于1D、2B、3D、6D和7A染色体上,单个QTL可解释4.54%~13.14%的表型变异;31个粒形QTL,位于1B、1D、2B、3B、3D、5A、5D、6B、6D、7A和7D染色体上,单个QTL可解释2.90%~15.86%的表型变异;10个粗蛋白和淀粉含量QTL,分别位于1A、1B、4B和6A染色体上,单个QTL可解释3.64%~12.19%的表型变异。2B染色体上检测到1个贡献率较大且能稳定表达的重要染色体区段,该区段包含控制小麦千粒重、粒长、粒宽、籽粒面积和周长的10个QTL。1BL染色体上检测到1个控制籽粒粗蛋白含量的微效QTL,对表型的贡献率为3.64%,与连锁分子标记gwm818的遗传距离为0.22cM,该位点是一个不同于前人研究结果的新位点。

A set of 310 recombinant inbred lines derived from a cross betweenγrays-induced mutant line H307 and an elite cultivar Zhengmai 9023 were used to analyze the QTL for 1 000 grain weight(TGW),kernel area(KA),kernel perimeter(KP),kernel length(KL),kernel width(KW),protein content(PC)and starch content(SC)under two different environments using the software QTL-ICIMapping V3.3.A genetic linkage map was constructed with 133 SSR markers.A total of 47 additive QTLs and 10QTL-rich regions were identified for the seven kernel traits,e.g.,6additive QTLs for1000 grain weight on chromosomes 1D,2B,3D,6Dand 7A,explaining phenotypic variance from 4.54%to 13.14%;31additive QTLs for kernel shape on chromosomes 1B,1D,2B,3B,3D,5A,5D,6B,6D,7A and 7D,explaining phenotypic variance from 2.90%to 15.86%;10additive QTLs for protein content and starch content on chromosomes 1A,1B,4Band 6A,explaining phenotypic variance from 3.64%to12.19%,respectively.The 2Bchromosome was an important chromosome to control kernel traits in wheat,with 10 stable QTLs detected contributing to TGW,KA,KP,KL and KW.In addition,there were 2QTLs for protein content and starch content were detected on the long arm of chromosome 1B.The contributions of the two additive QTLs were 3.64%and 4.66%respectively,and the genetic distance was 0.22 cM,which were novel than that reported previously.