四川小麦品种高、低分子量麦谷蛋白基因和1B/1R易位的分子标记鉴定

Identification of High and Low Molecular Weight Glutenin Genes and 1B/1R Translocation in Sichuan Wheat Cultivars with Molecular Markers

为给四川小麦品质育种提供参考信息,利用7个HMW-GS、17个LMW-GS和1个1B/1R易位的特异分子标记,对105份2000年后育成的四川小麦品种进行上述基因检测。结果表明:(1)针对HMWGS,在Glu-A1位点,含Ax2*的品种有2份,频率为1.9%;在Glu-B1位点,含Bx7、Bx20、Bx17、By8和By9的品种分别有73、26、4、45和30份,频率分别为69.5%、24.8%、3.8%、42.9%和28.6%,未检测到含Bx7OE的品种;在Glu-D1位点,含Dx5的品种有65份,频率为61.9%。(2)针对LMW-GS,在Glu-A3位点,含Glu-A3a、Glu-A3b、Glu-A3c、Glu-A3d和Glu-A3f的品种分别有2、2、63、29和9份,频率分别为1.9%、1.9%、60.0%、27.6%和8.6%,未检测到含Glu-A3e和Glu-A3g的品种;在Glu-B3位点,含Glu-B3b、Glu-B3d、Glu-B3f、GluB3g和Glu-B3i的品种分别有18、10、1、75和1份,频率分别为17.1%、9.5%、1.0%、71.4%和1.0%,未检测到含Glu-B3a、Glu-B3c、Glu-B3e和Glu-B3h的品种。(3)含1B/1R易位的品种有36份,频率为34.3%。(4)组合6种和5种以上优质基因的品种分别有2份(频率为3.8%)和15份(频率为14.3%)。可利用这些品种作为亲本,在四川小麦品质育种中逐步导入优质基因Ax2*、Bx7、By8、Dx5、Glu-A3d、Glu-B3d、Glu-A3b和Glu-B3b,并淘汰1B/1R易位,优化四川小麦面筋优质基因组成。

The composition of high and low molecular weight glutenins and 1B/1Rtranslocation is key information on wheat quality breeding.Using a total of 25 DNA molecular markers,including 7markers specific to HMW-GS,17 to LMW-GS and 1to 1B/1Rtranslocation,105 Sichuan wheat cultivars released since 2000 were identified.The results showed that:(1)For HMW-GS,2cultivars contained Ax2*at Glu-A1 locus,with a frequency of 1.9%.At Glu-B1 locus,73cultivars had Bx7,26 carried Bx20,4possessed Bx17,45 had By8 and 30 carried By9,with a percentage of 69.5%,24.8%,3.8%,42.9% and 28.6%,respectively.At Glu-D1 locus,65 cultivars contained Dx5,with a frequency of 61.9%.(2)For LMW-GS,the genes frequencies of the Glu-A3 a,Glu-A3 b,Glu-A3 c,GluA3d,and Glu-A3 fat Glu-A3 locus were 1.9%,1.9%,60.0%,27.6% and 8.6%,respectively.At Glu-B3 locus,the frequencies of the Glu-B3 b,Glu-B3 d,Glu-B3 f,Glu-B3 gand Glu-B3 iwere 17.1%,9.5%,1.0%,71.4% and 1.0%,respectively.(3)Thirty-seven cultivars with 1B/1Rtranslocation were detected,with a frequency of 34.3%.(4)2(3.8%)and 15(14.3%)cultivars were found with a combination of 6or 5genes of Ax2*,Bx7,By8,Dx5,Glu-A3 d,Glu-B3 d,Glu-A3 b,Glu-B3 band non-1B/1Rtranslocation.These cultivars can be used as parents in wheat breeding for introducing genes with better quality potential related to gluten quality of Sichuan wheat cultivars.