对我国优秀女子手球运动员运动创伤的调查研究

An Investigation of Injuries in Elite Chinese Women Handballers

通过对我国九运会女子手球前 8名队 12 1名运动员创伤特点的分析 ,旨在寻找预防或减少创伤的措施。采用问卷调查及访谈形式获取资料并进行常规数理统计和分析。结果表明 ,女子手球运动员创伤发生率为 6 1.16 % ;创伤分布以下肢 (5 7.39% )居多 ,上肢 (2 6 .0 9% )次之 ;创伤类型以肌肉拉伤 (39.13% )和韧带损伤 (33.91% )最多见 ;专项训练中创伤最多 (6 9.5 7% ) ;训练年限越长 ,创伤发生率越高。认为 ,应科学安排训练计划 ,加强身体薄弱部位的专门练习 ,重视各种护具和支持带的使用 ,做好训练前、后的热身和整理活动 ,加强医务监督 ,以减少创伤的发生 ,减轻创伤程度。

Objective: To work out measures to take in preventing or reducing the injuries in elite Chinese women handballers. Methods: Questionnaire, interview, and mathematical analysis were used in this study. Results: The injury rate of female handballers was 61.16%, with 57.39% of the injuries in lower extremity and 26.09% in upper extremity. The injuries mainly involve muscle strains(39.13%) and ligament sprains(33.91%). Besides, most of the injuries(69.57%) occurred in specific training, and the more years of training the players underwent, the higher rate of injury they had.Conclusion: A scientific training plan should be made; special training should be arranged for the weak parts of the body ; all kinds of protectors and supporting belts should be used in training; both warming up and cooling down exercises should be done before and after training; and more effective medical supervision should be offered to reduce the injury.