一种隐私保护的智能电网多级用户电量聚合控制方案

A Privacy-preserving Multilevel Users' Electricity Consumption Aggregation and Control Scheme in Smart Grids

针对如何在用户隐私不被泄露的情况下实现智能电网的电能灵活调控问题,提出一种具有隐私保护的智能电网多级用户电量聚合控制方案(PPUAC).在该方案中,建立了一种基于行政区域划分的二级网关系统模型.例如,一个地区被划分为了l个区域,每个区域有m个社区,每个社区有n个用户.那么它对应的二级网关系统模型为,该地区部署一个控制中心,每个区域部署一个区域网关,控制中心与l个区域网关进行信息交互;每个社区部署一个社域网关,一个区域网关与它管辖范围内的m个社域网关进行信息交互.二级网关实现用户电量的二次聚合.二次聚合的结果使得区域用电总量隐藏在了一个符合霍纳规则(Horner Rule)的一元多项式中,其中每项系数对应区域内每个社区的用电总量.随后利用霍纳法则对二次聚合数据进行解析,解析出多项式的每项系数,使得方案可以获得各社区、各区域乃至整个地区的用电总量,可以实现针对整个地区的全局电量调控和对某个或某些区域的局部电量调控.同时,方案结合了同态加密技术和双线性对技术,实现了机密性和用户的隐私保护.此外,为了提高方案的性能,采用了一种高效抗伪造批验证方法,执行一次验证操作就可以完成对多个用户数据的验证.性能分析表明该方案在实际应用中具有高效的计算性能和通信性能.

In order to achieve a flexible power control of smart grids and to avoid the leakage of user's privacy,this paper proposes a privacy-preserving electricity consumption aggregation and control scheme,named PPUAC,to achieve the privacy protection during the electricity consumption and transmission in smart grids.Based on administrative division,in this scheme,a system model is established which includes two-levelled gateways.For example,a region is divided into l districts,there are m residential areas in each district,and each residential area has n users.The corresponding two-levelled gateways system model is described as following.Deploy one control center for the region,one gateway for each district,and the control center exchange information with l district gateways.Deploy one gateway for each residential area,in each district jurisdiction,the district gateway exchanges information with m residential area gateways.Two-levelled gateways achieve secondary aggregation of users' electricity.One secondary aggregation operation makes one district's total electricity information hidden in a polynomial which measures up Horner Rule.Each coefficient of the polynomial is the total electricity of each residential area.Therewith,by using Horner Rule to resolve secondary aggregation data,the scheme can obtain the total amount of electricity consumption of every residential area,every district and the entire region.So the scheme can realize overall power regulation for the entire region or local power regulation.Meanwhile,the scheme achieves the confidentiality and can preserve all users' privacy by adopting the homomorphic cryptosystem technique and bilinear pairing technique.In addition,to improve the performance,the scheme employs a forgery-resisting batch validation method to implement the verification of lots of users' data in one computation.Performance analysis demonstrates that the scheme has efficient computing and communication performance for practical applications.