加强保健措施 降低孕产妇死亡率的试点研究

The study of reducing the mortality of pregnant and lying-in women by strengthening the measures of health care

经调查河南省七县1988～04～1989～03孕产妇死亡率为136.1/10万,高于全国平均水平(94.7/10万)。从七县中选择了死亡率偏高的三个县(147.9/10万)为样本.进行厂降低农村孕产妇死亡率保健措施的研究。自1990年4月1日～1992年3月31日。在三县采取了以下保健措施:①加强基层妇幼卫生建设,特别是中心乡卫生院的建设,②整顿和完善三级保健网;③建全孕产妇系统管理制度,高危妊娠筛查,转化和转诊制度,④配备必要设备,建立联合小产院,实行定点接生。两年内孕产妇死亡率,由1989年的147.9/10万下降到67.7/10万,下降幅度为54.44%,最高达72.1%。此工作为实现2000年孕产妇死亡率下降一半的规划目标提供了依据。

The social factors which affect the mortality of pregnant and lying-in women from April of 1988 to 1989 were investigated. The results showed that the mortality (136.1/100000) of the seven counties investigated was higher than the average level of the whole country (94.7/100000). Health care measures were administered in three counties in which the mortalities were relatively higher than those in the others from April of 1990 to March of 1992. The measures were: ①reinforcing the construction of the grassroot units, especially the central hospitals of villages; ②retifying and completing the threelevel network of maternal and child health care; ③establishing the rules of systematic management of lying-in women, and the rules of screening the most dangerous pregnancy, improving and delivering the patients to the larger hospital for diagnosis and treatment; ④ providing the hospital with necessary facilities, building small combined maternity hospital to make child delivery at fixed places. It was shown that the mortality reduced from 147.9/100000 to 67.7/100000 during the two years. The reduction was 54.44%, of which the biggest was 72.1%. This achievement provided the basis for the target of reducing the mortality of the pregnant and lying-in women by 50% before 2000.