对我国优秀女子三级跳远运动员三次起跳阶段动作结构的研究

A research on action construction in three stages of triple jump for the Chinese elite female athletes

运用文献资料、影片解析与数理统计等研究方法,对我国优秀女子三级跳远运动员三次起跳阶段的动作结构进行了定量描述和分析。结果表明,我国女子三级跳远运动员第一跳、第二跳起跳的动作结构,有利于保持水平速度,第三跳起跳的动作结构有利于增大冲量。但由于女运动员没有熟练地掌握技术,加之支撑能力较差,从而造成第二、三跳缓冲加深,这样不仅损失了水平速度,而且也没有获得较大的垂直速度和合理的腾起角度。

With the help of document reference,photograph analysis and mathematical statistics,this article made a quantitative description of the action construction in the three stages of triple jump of the Chinese elite female athletes. It was concluded that the action structure of the first and second jumps is good for keeping horizontal speed,while that of the third is helpful in increasing rush capacity. However,since the female athletes are not adept in skills and have weak brace capacity,the buffer becomes stronger in the second and third jumps. This leads to the loss of the horizontal speed,smaller vertical speed and unreasonable soar angle.