武士道嬗递的历史轨迹

The History of Bushido's Course

8、9世纪 ,适应武士群体战争实践生活需要而产生的武士道 ,12世纪末随着镰仓幕府的建立而成为制度的道德规范 ,17世纪经山鹿素行等武士道理论家的系统化和理论化 ,又成为信仰的道德规范。 19世纪后半期 ,由于明治政府的强制推行 ,武士的道德规范发展为日本全民的道德规范。武士道以利益为杠杆 ,靠生命来体现 ,最大限度地挖掘人的精神资源 ,驱使臣民以统治者的意志作为自己的神圣使命。在日本人 10 0 0多年的历史创造中 ,武士道崇尚武勇的“战争之道”和强调忠诚的“献身之道” ,逐渐与日本民族文化、民族精神融为一体 ,沉淀为日本人最宝贵的精神财富 。

Bushido was born in the 8th and 9th century to meet the real need in the war. It became the Japanese moral standards at the end of the 12th century. Then it was theorized and systematized by the Japanese warrior theorists and became the Japanese moral standards for faith in the 17th century. After that, the Japanese warrior's moral standards were developed into moral standards for the whole nation in the 19th century when Meiji Government laid great emphasis on it. Bushido used one's own benefits as the levy and was embodied with life. It tried its best to exploit the Japanese spirit resources and required all the people to take the employer's will as their holy mission. For more than 1000 years, Bushido has praised high of brevity as demonstrated in war and of devotion as loyalty. It was gradually combined with the Japanese national culture and spirit, and became the most valuable spiritual wealth of the country. Today, it is still producing the most important effects on the Japanese national culture and spirit.