小麦根腐病菌生物学特性研究

STUDY ON THE PATHOGENETIC BIOLOGY OF COMMON ROOT ROT OF WHEAT

通过实验,对小麦根腐病菌的生长发育条件进行了研究。结果是:根腐病菌的分生孢子萌发与菌丝生长发育适温为25～30℃;光对菌丝生长无影响。分生孢子萌发对湿度条件要求很高,湿度低虽在适温下也不萌发,相对湿度在98%以上才能萌发,以在水滴中萌发率最高,而且萌发的速度也快。尽管根腐病菌可在多种基物上生长发育并产生孢子,但分生孢子萌发时却需要一定的氮、碳源。分生孢子在豆饼浸出液、糖溶液和小麦叶组织浸出液中萌发率最高,在清水中的分生孢子虽也可萌发,但萌发率很低。分生孢子萌发的pH值范围是5～9,适宜pH值为5～7。

The optimum temperature for the conidia germinate and mycelial growth are about 25-28℃, and the growth range from 5-35℃, but the light seems to have not affect for mycelial growth. The critical air humidity for spore germination is 98%,conidia germinate best in water solution. The fungus growth well in many media contatining plant tissues or plant decontions, however, the conidia germinate decrease in water. Working found carbon and nitrogen to be nesseary for conidia germinate. The sucrose and host water extract and soybean cake water extract will stimulate the spore germination. The pH range for the conidia germinate is 5-9. The optimum pH valuse are 5-7.