试论小企业的存在原因与产业分布规律

On the Existence Sources and Industrial Distribution Rules of Small Business

规模报酬递增与竞争性市场结构之间的矛盾激发着经济学家们对企业规模决定因素的持续探索。在长期的研究过程中,经济学家们相继揭示了诸如生产要素的不可分性、沉没成本、外部经济、企业内部交易成本、运输成本、关税与行政壁垒、产品差别等决定因素,这些因素最终可以归入规模经济和市场容量两个范畴。因此,规模经济程度低和市场容量小共同决定着小企业的存在与发展,而不同产业的特性则通过规模经济和市场容量两个方面决定着小企业的产业分布规律。

The merits to promote small-sized business have been widely acknowledged in the whole world.Based on extensive analyses of scale economy and market capacity determinants, this paper has pointed out that low scale economy and small market capacity have jointly determined the existence and development of small-sized business.And various industrial features have determined the industrial distribution rules of small-sized business via scale economy and market capacity.