美国专业认证标准和过程的特点研究

The Traits in Standards and Process of Professional Accreditation in the USA

专业认证是美国高等教育质量保障的重要形式,有效促进了高等教育质量的持续提升和专业教育的适切性。专业认证机构根据行业标准制定和定期修订认证标准,保证专业教育及时跟进行业发展需求及其变化。专业认证基于专业自评开展同行评议,强调认证院校和专业是教育质量保障和持续改进的主体。连续认证是当前美国专业认证的主要形式,是认证专业保持认证地位的周期性行为。我国在探索专业认证的进程中,应进一步发挥行业协会在认证标准制定和认证过程中的积极作用,鼓励认证专业建立促进其持续发展的质量保障体系,提供卓越教育。

Professional accreditation is an important form to assure quality of higher education in the United States of America(USA)which promotes effectively the continuous improvement of the quality of higher education and the relevance of professional education.The professional certification authority establishes and revises periodically accreditation standards according to professional standard,which ensures that professional education follows and meets the needs of industrial development.Professional accreditation carries out peer review on the basis of profession self-assessment and stresses that the accredited academies and majors are the subject to assure and continually improve the quality of education.Consecutive accreditation is the main form of professional accreditation in the USA as is the periodical behavior for accredited major to assure its accredited position.During the exploration process of conducting professional accreditation,China should further strengthen the active role of industrial association in standard establishment and accreditation processes,encourage accredited profession to set up the quality assurance system to improve the sustainable development and so provide excellent education.