浅埋煤层坚硬顶板深孔预裂爆破技术研究

Application of Deep Hole Presplitting Blasting Technology in Hard Roof of Shallow Coal Seam

为了解决神木地区何家塔矿5^(-2)浅埋煤层开采过程中,顶板悬露时间长,不易垮落的问题,以实际地质资料为依据,采用相似模拟实验模拟该煤层开采过程中煤层上覆围岩下沉变化得出:开挖过程中基本顶初次来压步距大,可达70 m左右。结合该矿地质情况提出了深孔爆破弱化顶板的方案,并且确定爆破各项参数。实验工作面的应用结果表明,采用预裂爆破后基本顶来压步距缩小到48 m位置,顶板冒放性能得到良好的改善,保证了矿井安全高效生产。

In order to solve the problem of long time and difficult to collapse in the mining of 5-2 shallow coal seam in Hejiata,the similar simulation experiment is used to simulate the coal seam overburden in the process of coal mining.Surrounding rock subsidence changes:excavation process in the basic top of the first step to step,up to 70 meters.Combined with the geological conditions of the mine proposed deep hole blasting weakening the roof of the program,determine the parameters of the blasting.The application results of the experimental working surface show that the use of pre-splitting blasting after the basic pressure to narrow the pitch to 48 m position,roof roofing performance has been improved to ensure the safety and efficient production of the mine.