三软煤层采场围岩控制原则与实践

Principle and Practices on Surrounding Rock Control of Three Soft Seam

为解决三软煤层采场开采的顶板破碎、煤壁片帮、支架扎底等围岩控制难题,在对黑沟煤矿围岩物理力学试验与底板比压测试的基础上,采用理论分析、数值模拟、现场实测等研究方法,对该矿三软煤层采场围岩控制技术进行研究,提出了三软煤层采场围岩控制的三原则,即"顶板、煤壁、底板"综合控制原则,并对工作面支架进行了选型设计与设备配套的生产实践。现场实测结果表明,采场支架工作阻力不大,其中92号支架工作阻力超过3 000 k N比例最大,也仅为0.29%,且煤壁片帮深度范围有明显降低,支架无扎底现象,围岩控制效果较好。

In order to solve the roof broken,coal wall spalling,powered support subsided in floor and other difficult surrounding rock control problems occurred in the mining operation of the coal mining face in three soft seam,based on a physical mechanics test of the surrounding rock and floor specific pressure test in Heigou Mine,the theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,site measurement and other study methods were applied to study the surrounding rock control of mining face in three soft seam. Three principles on the surrounding rock control of the coal mining face in the three soft seam were provided. The three principles were the comprehensive control principles of the roof,coal wall and floor. Based on the three principles,equipment selection design and matched equipment production practices were conducted on the powered support of the coal mining face. The site measured results showed that a working resistance of the powered support in the coal mining face was not high. Among the powered supports,working resistance of No. 92 powered support was over 3 000 k N in maximum and was only 0. 29% of the designed resistance. A spalling depth scope in the coal wall was obviously reduced. There was no subsided phenomenon of the powered support occurred. The practices showed that the surrounding rock control effect of the coal mining face was good.