矿井避难硐室环境有害气体浓度控制技术

Technology of harmful gas concentration control in mine refuge chamber

为有效控制煤矿避难硐室内有害气体浓度,保证避灾人员安全,分析了避灾过程人体代谢产生有害气体类型与释放速率,结合有害气体环境中人体的耐受能力,提出对人体代谢产生的CO、H2S、NH3、CH4等有害气体可不必采取净化措施。通过理论分析得出人均供风量为107 L/min时可将硐室内CO2平均浓度控制在0.5%,满足硐室CO2净化需要,人均压风供气量为450 L/min时,才满足《煤矿井下紧急避险系统建设管理暂行规定》中对CO快速净化的需要,结合人体对CO浓度环境的耐受能力,建议延长硐室内CO快速净化时间。通过试验得出2台风量4.7 m3/min、有效净化功率20%~30%的净化装置可满足50人避难硐室空气净化要求。

In order to effectively control harmful gas concentration in mine refuge chamber and to ensure the safety of refuge personnel,thepaper analyzed harmful gas type and the releasing rate occurred from the metabolism of human body during the refuge process. In combina-tion with tolerance capacity of a human body in the harmful gas environment,the paper proposed that CO、H2S、NH3、CH4and other harm-ful gas occurred from the metabolism of human body would not be necessary to be purified with the purification measures. A theoreticalanalysis showed that when an average air supply volume per man was 107 L/ min,the CO2 average volume fraction of the chamber shouldbe controlled at 0. 5% and thus the requirement of the CO2 purification in the chamber could be met. An average ventilation supply volumeof 450 L/ min per man could meet the requirement of the CO rapid purification stipulated in theConstruction and Management Provisional Regulations of Emergent Refuge System in Underground Coal Mine. In combination with a tolerance capacity of a human body in a CO con-centration environment,the paper proposed that the CO rapid purification time in the chamber could be expanded. The experiments showedthat two sets of a purification devices with the air supply of 4. 7 m3/ min and effective purification power of 20% ~ 30% could meet air pur-ification requirements of chamber with 50 persons.