基于有限元仿真分析的高压雾化喷嘴设计及参数优化

High pressure spray nozzle design and parameter optimization based on finite element simulation analysis

为解决高压喷雾用喷嘴的耗水量大、堵塞和使用寿命短的问题,设计了一种利用导流孔实现水流螺旋混流的新型喷嘴,提出了影响喷嘴雾化效果的关键参数:水流入射角度、喷嘴腔体长径比和喷嘴出流直径,运用有限元仿真分析的方法对以上参数的影响效果进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明:出流直径对雾化效果影响最大,减小出流直径可显著提高雾化效果;水流入射角度和腔体长径比两者合理配合可有效提高喷嘴的雾化能力,同时也影响了雾化的角度。以优化后的参数加工喷嘴进行试验,结果表明最低雾化压力为2 MPa,雾化角度和喷射距离等达到了设计要求,降低了对水质的要求,达到了节水耐用的目的。

In order to solve the problems with high pressure spray nozzle,such as large water consumption,clogging and short service life,a new type of nozzle using the diversion hole to realize spiral mixed was developed. The key parameters,affecting the atomizing effect: water incident angle,nozzle cavity draw ratio and nozzle outlet diameter,was identified and investigated using finite element simulation analysis. The simulation results show that the outlet diameter has more effects on the atomization,and the reduction of flow diameter can significantly improve the atomizing effect.The cooperation of incident angle and cavity draw ratio can effectively improve the atomization ability of nozzle,however,it may affect the atomization angle. With the optimized parameters,the experimental results show that the minimum spray pressure is 2 MPa,spray angle and spray distance meet the design requirement. The new nozzle reduces the requirement for water quality,and achieves the purpose of water-saving and durability.