柬埔寨少数民族双语教育的发展、问题及启示

Development,Problems and Inspirations of Bilingual Education for Ethnic Minorities in Cambodia

为改变少数民族地区落后局面,柬埔寨政府通过制定新的法律和教育政策、建立社区学校、与国际组织合作、加强开发双语教材等措施,在少数民族地区的小学实施双语教育,教授民族语言和国语高棉语,促进了少数民族地区基础教育的发展。柬埔寨双语教育取得了不小进步,但在组织管理、师资培养和教学资源建设等方面还存在着诸多问题。柬埔寨少数民族双语教育的发展历程给予我国少数民族双语教育一些有益的启示。我国应推进双语教育国际合作,充分调动少数民族群众积极性,注重在民族地区培养双语教师,加强乡土特色双语教材开发及网络课程资源建设,不断提升民族地区双语教育的质量,以更好地促进民族地区教育和经济文化水平的提高。

In order to change the backward situation in ethnic regions,Cambodian government has promoted the development of elementary education in ethnic areas by making new laws and educational policies,establishing community schools,co-operating with international organizations,strengthening the development of bilingual teaching materials,and carrying out bilingual education at primary schools to teach both minority languages and the national language Khmer.Cambodia has made much progress in bilingual education,but there are still many problems in management of organization,teachers’training and teaching resources construction.Cambodian complex bilingual education reform process has provided inspirations for the bilingual education and reform in ethnic regions of China.China should further develop bilingual education in ethnic regions,promote cooperation with international organizations or other countries,give full play to the initiative of ethnic groups,cultivate bilingual teachers,develop bilingual textbooks with local characteristics,develop network course resources,and improves the quality of bilingual education,so as to better promote the development of education,economy and culture in ethnic regions.