藏传佛教与心理学的互主性实践——分析心理学、超个人心理学与现代藏传佛教

Inter-Subjectivity between Tibetan Buddhism and Psychology——Analytical Psychology, Transpersonal Psychology and Modern Tibetan Buddhism

藏传佛教的曼荼罗结构,关于"我"的理论以及密宗修行法,对荣格分析心理学的自性理论以及深度心理咨询的方法,产生了深远影响。而藏传佛教的中观派以及藏传佛教密宗对于意识层级的描述,则深刻影响了超个人心理学大师肯·威尔伯建立意识光谱理论并定义"大精神"。与此同时,藏传佛教在全球的传播与发展,及其与现代心理学的广泛接触,也促使了藏传佛教现代形式的产生。现代藏传佛教表现出三个主要特点,即知识整合、全球传播、疗愈与灵修取向。

The Mandala structure, the theory about 'self'in Tibetan Buddhism, and the Tantra practice methodology, deeply influenced the theory and practice of Jung's Analytical Psychology. While for Transpersonal Psychology, the Madhyamakaand the description about consciousness levels in Tantratheory,sparked Ken Wilber to build his Spectrum of Consciousness theory and his definition towards ' The Great Spirit'. At the same time, the global development of Tibetan Buddhism and its interaction with modern psychology, generated the modern form of Tibetan Buddhism, which has been reflecting three main features:Knowledge Integration, Globalized Spreading, Healing and Spiritual Practicing Orientation.