印度宗教作品中的乐舞艺术研究

On Music and Dance Art in India's Religious Works

印度宗教作品中的乐舞形象,反映了印度文化的传统审美观。神像常常借鉴舞蹈或瑜伽的动态,呈现出夸张的站姿、坐态和手势,借此表达某种深刻的宗教内涵,并逐渐趋于程式化。文章采取图像学研究手段,以印度教、印度民间神以及大乘佛教中的宗教作品为研究对象,对舞王湿婆雕塑的经典造型、民间药叉女树神雕刻作品,以及阿旃陀壁画上的菩萨形象和桑奇大塔药叉女进行分析,探讨印度瑜伽文化和舞蹈动作对宗教作品中人物形象的影响,总结和归纳印度人民对女性美的传统审美哲学。

The images of music and dance in India’s religious works reflected the traditional aesthetic values of India culture. Images were frequently used in the dynamics of dance or yoga for reference,presenting exaggerated postures, sitting postures and gestures to express a profound religious connotation, and gradually tended to be stylized. This paper took the religious works of Hinduism, India folk gods and Mahayana Buddhism as the research object by means of iconography. It analyzed the classical sculpture of Shiva, the sculpture of the folk medicine fork goddess, the image of Bodhisattva on the frescoes of Avatar and the medicine fork lady of Sangqi Stupa, and explored the Indian yoga text. This paper summarized the traditional aesthetic philosophy of the Indian people on the beauty of women, and the influence of cultural and dance movements on the image of characters in religious works.