试论我国民法典体系

Preliminary Discussion on the System of the Civil Code of China

体系化与系统化是民法典的内在要求。仅适用个别的局部性的民事关系的 ,或常会发生改变的 ,或处于公法与私法交叉地带的 ,或具有很强的技术性的程序性规定 ,均应由单行法加以规定。我国民法典体系要采纳德国潘德克顿模式 ,应以法律关系的要素来构建总则 ,以法律关系的内容即民事权利来展开分则。分则应为人格权、亲属法、继承法、物权、债权总则、合同法的一般规定 ;在分则关于民事权利的各编之后 ,应规定一个对各类民事权利加以保护的侵权责任编。

Systemization is the inherent requirement of the Civil Code. The following provisions should be prescribed in the separate laws such as those which are only applicable to the partial civil relations, which are changeable, locate in the overlapped part of public laws and private laws, or which has the procedure with strong technology. The system the Civil Code of China should adopt the Penderkerton style of Germany. The general principles should be constructed with the elements of legal relations, while the subprovision should be developed with the subject of legal relation i.e. civil rights. subprovision should be composed of right of personality, law of relatives, law of succession, right in rem,general principle of right of obligation,and the general provisions of contract law. After the parts with respect of civil rights, the part that provides for the protection against liabilities for all kinds of civil rights.