基因定点整合技术及其在苔藓研究中的进展

The Research of Gene Targeting in Moss

基因定点整合技术是 2 0世纪 80年代后兴起的一种分子生物学技术 ,在精细研究基因功能 ,消除转基因沉默 ,基因治疗等有重要意义。基因定点整合技术是功能基因组学研究的重要手段。目前关于基因定点整合技术在酵母和鼠胚胎干细胞中的应用已经很成熟 ,高等植物由于同源重组频率较低而限制了它的应用 ,但小立碗藓 (Physcomitrellapatens)基因同源重组频率较高 ,基因定点整合技术得到了成功应用 ,可望成为一种新的分子生物学的模式植物。本文针对基因定点整合的原理、技术路线及进展作一综述。

Gene targeting is a molecular technique that has been exited since 1980’. It can be applied in researching the gene function, removing gene silence and gene therapy. Gene targeting is an important method in functional genetics. Now, it has been successfully used in yeast and mouse embryonic stem cells (ES). But in plants it has been limited because of lower recombination frequency. The recombination frequency in Physcomitrella patens is high, so it is expected to be a new molecular biological model plant.