从薛定谔方程谈量子力学与经典物理的区别

Differences Between Quantum Mechanics and Classical Physics Based on Schordinger's Equation

薛定谔方程是量子力学的基本方程 ,其地位与经典物理中的牛顿运动方程相当。文章从薛定谔方程中关于微观粒子运动状态的描述和微观粒子力学量的表达等方面谈量子力学与经典物理的区别。文章阐明 ,量子力学的基本规律是统计规律 ,而经典物理的基本规律是决定论、严格的因果律。但在普朗克常数h→ 0的极限情况下 。

Schordinger's equation is the basical equation of quantum mechanics,which is equivalent to Newton's motion equation in classical physics. This paper compares the differences between quantum mechanics and classical physics by means of discussing the description of motion state and the expression of mechanic quantity of microcosmic particles in Schordinger's equation. It can be seen in this paper that the basical principle of quantum mechanics is the statistical one, while the basical principle of classical physics is the determinism and the strict causality. But under the h→0 limit in Planck constant, quantum mechanics will go beyond normal limit to classical physics.