元杂剧“折”的结构功能及其艺术渊源

The function of composition and art origins of Miscellaneous Drama’s “Zhe” in the Yuan Dynasty

本文把元杂剧的“折”作为叙事结构的美学命题进行研究 ,认为元杂剧的“折”不仅是情节段落的计量单位 ,而且是戏曲情节发展转折的节奏韵律。它在横向结构方面 ,具有凝聚各戏曲要素的兼容功能 ;在纵向结构方面 ,具有顺序性、联结性、对比性和阶段性的叙事功能。元杂剧“四折”结构法 ,来源于传统的音乐四段组合法、叙事起承转合法和以四概全的整和思维模式 ,是以“折”

Abstract: The text studies Miscellaneous Drama’s “Zhe”in the Yuan Dynasty, the research mainly with “Zhe” as aesthetics of narrative composition. The author’s position that is “Zhe” not only a unit of measure but also a rhythm scheme of plot. From the cross-part composition, the function one is condense all kinds of essential factors of drama, another is narrative of contrast, stage and so on. The “Four Zhe”(四折) in the Miscellaneous Drama comes from the four stages of traditional music, narrative turning and model of four in all. That is embodies traditional aesthetics in the Miscellaneous Dramas.