小麦抗旱种质资源的遗传多样性

Genetic diversity in wheat (T. aestivum) germplasm resources with drought resistance

在雨养和灌水条件下,田间栽培小麦抗旱材料。根据结实器官建成与物候期、生育期的对应关系,通过供试材料产量构成因素的旱、水表现,分析在各因素形成时期的抗旱性。分别以抗旱系数和抗旱指数作为评价抗旱性的指标,通过聚类分析供试材料的遗传多样性。结果发现有些材料表现为全生育期抗旱,而有些材料只在苗期、拔节期、开花期和灌浆期等一个或几个生育时期表现抗旱;有的材料表现为抗旱高产,但有的材料产量水平较低;同时还发现部分抗旱种质资源在灌水条件下有较大的增产潜力。

The wheat (T. aestivum L. ) germplasm resources with drought resistance were grown in the field under rainfed and irrigated conditions respectively. According to the correspondence between develop-mental stage of yield components and phenological phase in wheat,the drought resistance in every develop-mental stage of experimental materials was evaluated based on the yield components with both criteria drought resistance coefficient and drought resistance index. The result of clustering revealed that some genotypes showed drought resistance in whole growing period,but the others just at one or several stages. Genotypes with strong drought resistance were found in every stage,from seedling,jointing,flowering to filling stage. Some genotypes combined drought resistance with higher yield,but the others with lower yield. It was also found that some genotypes showed higher yield potentialities under irrigated condition than rainfed condition.