国产柽柳科3属6种植物营养枝的解剖观察

Anatomical observation of young branches of 6 species of Tamaricaceae from China

对国产柽柳科3属6种植物(琵琶柴、沙生柽柳、山川柽柳、多枝柽柳、刚毛柽柳、疏花水柏枝)营养枝解剖结构的比较研究表明:其当年生营养枝在表皮是否具毛、皮层细胞的形态结构、维管束排列方式、形成层的发生、髓部面积及内含物等性状上存在差异,并根据这些差异列出了分属检索表。所选6种植物生态型各不相同,其中琵琶柴为地带性超旱生小半灌木,柽柳为非地带性的潜水性旱、中生灌木,疏花水柏枝为湿、中生灌木。通过比较这6种植物的解剖结构,发现随着生境由湿生向旱生变化,营养技解剖结构也发生了相应的变化,并与生境形成了良好的适应。

The young branches anatomical diversity of 6 species (Reaumuria soogorica ,Tamarix taklamaka-nensis, T. arceuthoides, T. ramosissima, T. hispida, Myricaria laxiflora ) from three genera of Tamaricaceae from China is described. Results show that the presence of epidermal hairs ,the number and shape of cortex celis ,the arrangement of vascular bundles and the proportion of pith areas on the trans verse section are dif-ferent among genera. Based on these anatomical characters,a key to Identification of three genera is listed. Ecotypes of 6 species are quite different,in which,Reaumuria soongorica is super drought-tolerance type, four species from Tamarix are moderate drought-tolerance type and Myricaria laxiflora is mesic type. Ac-cordingly, the anatomical characters of 6 species are different and have formed unique structures to adapt e-cological environment. Furthermore, with ecological environment changed from moisture to drought, anatomical structures of young branches are also changed to adapt environment.