关于石油母质来源的探讨(英文)

DISCUSSION ON THE BIOLOGICAL SOURCES OF PETROLOGEN

浮游微藻是海洋和湖泊中的初级生产力 ,生物量巨大 ,平均脂类含量高 ,是沉积岩中有机质的主要母质来源 ,对石油和天然气的形成贡献最大。对下辽河坳陷早第三纪的大量微体浮游藻类化石研究表明 ,该坳陷油气资源的形成和微体浮游藻类 ,特别是沟鞭藻的大量存在密切相关 ,浮游藻类是该坳陷盆地油气形成有机质来源的重要基础之一。在微藻热模拟成烃实验中引入成岩早期生物、地化因子的影响 ,使模拟实验更接近自然界的实际情况。对微藻来源的生物标志物研究表明 ,作为高盐环境重要标志物的 2 ,6,10 ,14,18-五甲基二十烷也可能来源于藻类生物。在藻类热模拟产物中发现惹烯的存在 。

The microplanktonic algae are the primary productive force in the oceans and lakes. With a large amount of biomass and a high average content of lipids, they are the most important organic sources of the formation of petroleum and natural gas. The researches on early Tertiary algal fossils from Xialiaohe Depression suggest that the formation of petroleum of this depression is closely related with the abundant microalgae, especially dinoflagellates. The effects of biological and geochemical factors are introduced in the thermal simulant experiments of algae, which makes the experiments more close to the actual condition of nature. 2, 6,10,14,18-pentamethyleicosane, a biomarker of hypersaline environment, may originate from microalgae. Retene, dehydroabietin, and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroretene have been identified by GC-MS in extractable aromatic hydrocarbon fractions produced by pyrolysis at 200 and 300 C of pure strains of the green alga Chlorella protothecoides and the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. The results suggest phytoplankton as a possible source of retene in Recent and Ancient sediments and care should be taken in considering coniferous resins as the only possible source of retene, especially in sediments with contributions from both terrestrial higher plants and planktons.