王船山对朱子格物致知论的继承与发展

Wang Chuanshan’s Inheritance and Development to Zhuxi’s Theory in “The Extension of Knowledge Through the Investigation of Things”

在格物致知问题上 ,船山神契朱子 ,卫护朱学 ,同时又有新的发展。船山高度评价朱子以《大学》格物为始教 ,并且与朱子一样 ,把“物”的范围看得很广 ,包括自然界和人类社会的一切物质和精神现象。船山又赞同朱子“豁然贯通”说。与朱子相比较 ,船山格物致知论的新发展主要是具有鲜明的近代实证科学色彩 ,对耳目见闻与心官思辨。

In the problem of “the extension of knowledge through the investigation of things”, Chuanshan was in agreement in spirit with Zhuxi and he protected Zhuxi’s philosophy and developed it too. Chuanshan set a high value on that point in which Zhuxi took the extension of knowledge of Great learning as the beginning of education. He thought that the scope of things are very vast which includes all material and spiritual phenomena of nature and society. Chuanshan also agreed Zhuxi’s theory of “understanding the thorough meaning suddenly”. Compared with Zhuxi’s theory, the new development of Chuanshan’s the extension of knowledge through the investigation of things had clear colour of the modern positive science and he developed and improved the theory of the perceptual and rational cognition.