人类活动对青海湖水位下降的影响

IMPACT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES ON THE DECLINE OF WATER LEVEL,QINGHAI LAKE

青海湖是我国最大的内陆湖泊,位于青藏高原的东北隅。近三十年来由于自然要素和人为活动的影响,湖周生态环境急剧退化,湖水位下降达3.35m,湖面收缩约300多km^2。根据调查研究以及其他方面的资料。青海湖多年平均亏水量4.36×10~8m^3,而人为活动耗水量占亏水量的8.7％。仅占湖面蒸发量的1％。所以,人为耗水与湖水位波动无明显相关,湖水位下降虽然是综合效应,但主导因素是气候变化,并导致湖周生态环境的恶化。

Qinghai Lake, the largest inland lake in China, is situated in the northeastern margin of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Because of the influences of natural factors and human activities in the past 30 years ,the ecological environment around the lake has been rapidly deteriorated. The water level of the lake has fallen 3.35m and its surface area shrunk by abo(?)km^2. According to the investigations and the other data obtained, the mean water consumption from the lake is 4.36×10~6m^3 every year, and artificial water consumption reaches up to about 8.7% of the total ,accounting for about 1% of evaporation of the lake surface. It is not evident that the artificial water consumption is relative to the water fluctuation. The decline of Qinghai Lake water level is due to synthetical factors,among which the main one is climatic change. The influence of human activities on the lake water level is shown through the eco-environmental deterioration around the lake.