关于中国阐释学学科建设的思考

On Subject Construction of Chinese Hermeneutics

当代文学研究的各个领域都离不开阐释学视野 ,阐释学方法因而成为文学研究的第一方法。中国古代文化传统、中国古代学术的民族特色 ,恰恰就表现为阐释学取向。坚持阐释学路径最有可能做到民族性与世界性的统一。可以把中国阐释学发展历程分为古典阶段和现代阶段。中国古典阐释学大致可以分为儒家阐释学、道家阐释学以及二者综合形态的阐释学等三种基本形态。中国现代阐释学的探索经历了 1 0 0多年 ,直到现在仍处于学科建构过程之中。为了促进这一学科的创构 ,需要解决一系列问题。中国现代文学阐释学是其中最有成就的一个分支学科。

Each field of contemporary literature studying cannot separate from hermeneutic perspectives, so the means of Hermeneutics has become the primary approach in literature study. The literary tradition and the national features in ancient China also illustrate hermeneutic orientation; hence, it is the most possible to reach a unity of the national and the international by carrying out thoughts of Hermeneutics. In its development, Chinese Hermeneutics can be classified into classical stage and modern stage, and the former basically consists of three forms: Confucian Hermeneutics, Taoist Hermeneutics and their comprehensive Hermeneutics. Modern Hermeneutics in China has been explored for over 100 years, and up to now, it still remains in the phrase of subject construction. During the course of its establishment, there is a series of problems urgent to be solved. Among all the branches, Hermeneutics of modern Chinese literature is the most successful one.