超临界流体萃取技术在核废料处理方面的应用

Application of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology in the Nuclear Waste Management

综述了超临界流体萃取技术在核废料处理方面的应用 ;论述了磷酸三丁酯和氟化的 β 二酮类混合用于超临界二氧化碳中 ,对镧系和锕系元素进行萃取的研究和应用 ,以及连续超临界流体萃取 (SFE)技术的应用。SFE技术可以从固体混合废料中除去有机污染物、有毒金属和放射性元素 ,而不需使用任何酸或有机试剂。与常规的酸溶和酸萃取过程相比 ,SFE技术极大地减少了二次废料的产生。

Recent progress of supercritical fluid extraction(SFE) technology in nuclear waste management is reviewed in four topics: A.synergistic extraction of lanthanide and actinide elements using a mixture of chelating agents, e.q. tributylphosphate and a fluorinated β diketone, B.extraction of strontium and cesium elements, C.separation extraction of mixed nuclear waste samples and D. potentical applications. The first topic is discussed in more detail.