隐喻的语义表征模型初探

A Preliminary Study of the Semantic Representation Model of Metaphors

本研究以汉语时间隐喻为研究材料 ,采用启动技术考查了根概念隐喻、基本概念隐喻、派生隐喻和对比隐喻的语义关系。结果发现根概念隐喻的启动效应明显次于基本概念隐喻的启动效应 ,而基本概念隐喻的启动效应又明显低于派生隐喻的启动效应 ,对比隐喻句的启动效应则更是显著低于其它三种相关隐喻句的启动效应。这表明根概念隐喻、基本概念隐喻和派生隐喻有上下级的层次关系 ,有着不同的语义距离 ,从属同一根概念的隐喻间的语义联系比从属不同根概念的隐喻的语义联系更为紧密。这为隐喻的语义表征的层次网络模型提供了证据。

Using priming technique and time metaphors as the study materials, this study examined the semantic relation among root conceptual metaphors, basic conceptual metaphors, derivative metaphors, and contrasting metaphors. It was found that no matter whether it was on the reaction time or semantic relation rating, the priming effect of root conceptual metaphors was significantly lower than that of basic conceptual metaphors, which in turn was lower than that of derivative metaphors. The contrasting metaphors had the lowest priming effects of all. This indicated that root conceptual metaphors, basic conceptual metaphors, and derivative metaphors had hierarchical relations and different semantic distances. The semantic relation among metaphors that belonged to the same root conceptual metaphor was much closer than that of metaphors which belonged to different root conceptual metaphors. This provides supporting evidence for the hierarchical network model of semantic representation of metaphors.