玉米近缘野生材料和自交系48-2及其远缘杂种F_1过氧化物酶同工酶分析

Study on the Relationships of Maize Inbred 48-2, Wild Maize and Its Hybrid (48-2×Wild Maize) by Isoperoxidase Electrophoretogram

通过比较玉米近缘野生材料和栽培玉米自交系48-2及其杂种F1的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱表现后发现,玉米近缘野生材料与栽培玉米48-2由远到近的亲缘关系,酶谱表现(除极少的弱带外)为酶带数目的逐次减少和强度减弱;其远缘材料与栽培玉米杂种F1酶带数、酶活性趋向于中亲值;过氧化物酶活性及其数目与植物生长习性和抗逆性有较密切的关系,1年生大刍草酶带数目和活性强于栽培玉米,多年生大刍草材料酶带数目和活性又强于同属的1年生种;其中,玉米近缘野生材料1年生大刍草小颖玉米和墨西哥大刍草与玉米杂交的F1出现一条所有亲本都不具有的新带,表明与遗传距离适中的亲本间杂交,其遗传物质易于发生基因的重组。

Comparing the relationship of maize, wild maize and its hybrid (48-2×wild maize) by isoperoxidase electrophoretogram among the five wild maize, it is found the relationship is nearer to maize (inbred of 48-2); the number and activities of isozyme band are more reduced; the number and activities of isozyme band of pernnis species are stronger than those of annual species. The activities of isozyme of F1 (48-2×wild maize) are very similar to the midparent. Therefore, among the distant hybrid of F1 in experiment, only the F1 of 48-2×8774 (Zea parviglumis) and 48-2×11394 (Zea mexicana) produce a new isozyme band, which are different to any of parents and others F1. This result indicates that the moderately relationship between wild material and cultivate crop to hybrid are easy to produce highly recombined of gene.