朱砂叶螨对3种杀螨剂的抗性选育及抗性治理研究

Resistance Selection of Tetranychus cinnabarinus to Three Acaricides and Its Management Strategy

杀虫剂轮用和混用是当前害虫抗药性治理中最常采用的 2种用药策略。笔者在实验室抗性选育的基础上 ,研究了朱砂叶螨对 3种新型杀螨剂的抗性发展趋势以及杀螨剂轮用、混用延缓朱砂叶螨抗性进化的效果。分别用甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素和哒螨灵对朱砂叶螨单一汰选 2 8、30和 31代后 ,朱砂叶螨对上述 3种杀螨剂的抗性分别达 6 5 .6、7.2和 1.2倍。朱砂叶螨对甲氰菊酯的抗性发展速率明显快于阿维菌素和哒螨灵 ;交互抗性测定结果表明 ,朱砂叶螨抗甲氰菊酯品系 (抗性指数为 6 5 .6 )对哒螨灵、阿维菌素的抗性分别为 1.1和 0 .7倍 ;抗阿维菌素品系(抗性指数为 7.2 )对哒螨灵、甲氰菊酯的抗性分别为 1.2和 1.2倍 ;抗哒螨灵品系 (抗性指数为 1.2 )对甲氰菊酯、阿维菌素的抗性分别为 1.0和 1.2倍。表明朱砂叶螨对 3种杀螨剂无明显交互抗性。轮换用药、混和用药抗性品系培育及抗性现实遗传力分析的结果表明 ,甲氰菊酯与阿维菌素混用能有效延缓朱砂叶螨抗性进化 ,两者轮用不能延缓朱砂叶螨抗性进化 ,反而加速了对甲氰菊酯的抗性发展 ;哒螨灵与阿维菌素混用、轮用都能有效地延缓朱砂叶螨对二者的抗性进化。

The effects of retarding resistance evolution of mixing and alternating use of acaricides were studied based on the resistance selection of 3 acaricides to Tetranychus cinnabarinus in the laboratory. Continuously selected with fenpropathrin, abamectin, and pyridaban for 28,30,and 31 generations respectively, the strain of Tetranychus cinnabarinus, which were collected from the fields in Beibei, Chongqing, had a 65.6,7.2 and 1.2 folds resistance to fenpropathrin, abamectin and pyridaben, respectively. Results of cross resistance determination suggested that there would not exist cross resistance among the three acaricides. Analysis of resistance selection and estimation of realized heritability (h 2) of resistance to each of or two mixed acaricides showed that a mixture of fenpropathrin +abamectin would slow resistance development compared with a sequence the single use of fenpropathrin followed by abamectin while the use of the mixture of pyridaben+abamectin and the single use of pyridaben followed by abamectin would effectively retarding resistance evolution.