柿品种禅寺丸的花粉染色体加倍研究

Study on Pollen Chromosome Doubling in Zenjimaru Persimmon

以柿品种禅寺丸的雄花芽为试材 ,在了解花粉母细胞减数分裂进程基础上 ,对影响花粉染色体加倍的因素进行了研究。结果表明 ,(1)秋水仙素溶液处理浓度以 0 .3%～ 0 .5 %为宜 ;(2 )合适的处理时期为前期I的双线期至终变期 ,巨大花粉比例可达 4 0 .6 % ;(3)综合考虑巨大花粉比例和处理后雄花收集率 ,注射次数以 3次为佳 ;(4)细胞学观测巨大花粉主要由二分体形成 ,并结合花粉细胞核体积观测 ,可判定巨大花粉即为染色体加倍的 2n花粉。

The factors influencing pollen chromosome doubling in Zenjimaru persimmon were studied, based on the knowledge of meiosis process of pollen mother cells. The results showed: (1) the suitable concentration of colchicine was 0.3-0. 5%; (2) the best doubling effect could be obtained during the period from the diplotene stage to the diakinasis stage, and the highest proportion was up to 40.6%; (3) considering giant pollen ratio and proportion of staminate-flower collection, the better treating frequency was 3 times; (4) giant pollen, which formed mainly from dyad and had bigger cell nucleus volume, was unreduced and hexaploid.