竹材加工剩余物综合利用研究(一)

Study on the Comprehensive Utilization of the Left-over of Bamboo Timber Processing(Ⅰ)

目前常见的竹材物理加工其重量利用率低于 40 % ,有 60 %以上的竹材变成为加工剩余物 ,大多数企业将此作为燃料 ,有些小型加工点则废弃 ,既浪费资源 ,又影响环境。该研究将竹材加工剩余物 (实验材料为竹屑 )进行均匀加热干馏热解 ,干馏时以控制料温和不控制料温两种方式进行。控制料温干馏时不仅使竹屑均匀加热升温 ,而且控制升温上限值 ,分温度段逐步裂解。试验表明 :1控制温度均匀加热干馏竹材加工剩余物可同时获得数量可观、化学成分较为单纯的竹醋液 ;2两种方法都可同时获得约 1 5%的粉状竹炭及大量可燃气体。

Presently the common utilization rate of bamboo timber's physical processing is below 40% in weight, over 60% of bamboo timber becomes left over when processed. Many enterprises use the left over as burning materials, some small size factories even throw them away, which not only waste materials, but also contaminate the environment. In this experiment, bamboo processing left over has been evenly heated, dry distillated and decomposed. Dry distillation consists of temperature controlled one and temperature uncontrolled one. For temperature controlled dry distillation, it is evenly heated and the temperature increasing is controlled. It is decomposed in different temperature stages. The testing results indicate that ①temperature controlled evenly heating and dry distillating bamboo timber processing left over can get large quantity and pure chemical bamboo vinegar. ②Both ways can get about 15% of bamboo charcoal powder and lots of gas which can be burned.