生活方式与血压关系的研究

Blood pressure and life style

目的 探讨生活方式与血压之间的关系。方法 采用流行病学现况研究的方法 ,对重庆市某厂 5个车间所有 45～ 5 5岁的男性进行调查。结果 该人群平均年龄 5 1岁 ,平均收缩压 (SBP)与舒张压 (DBP)分别为 12 0 2 1mmHg( 15 99kPa) ,79 89mmHg( 10 6 3kPa)。高血压现患率为 2 0 3%,高胆固醇血症现患率为 16 7%,超重率为2 3 4%。单因素分析显示 ,体重指数 (BMI)与SBP和DBP均呈正相关 (r=0 33 ,r=0 41,P <0 0 1)。超重的人 (BMI≥ 2 5kg/m2 )其SBP、DBP、血清总胆固醇 (TC)、TC/HDL值均较体重指数正常者高。Logistic回归分析显示 ,超重是高血压患病的危险因素 ,OR值为 4 92 ( 2 43～ 9 95 )。 2 4h尿钠排出量与血压呈弱的相关 (r =0 2 3 ,r =0 2 2 ,P <0 0 5 ) ,钠 /钾均值为 6 77,钠 /钾高于建议值范围 (比值 <3)的比例占 98 5 5 %。文化程度高 (受教育年数≥ 10年 )有低的高血压现患 ( 5 6 5 %) ,其血压水平、尿钠排出量、钠 /钾均较中、低文化程度的低。结论 超重、膳食高盐为重庆地区抽样人群高血压患病的危险因素 ,教育在中国人群血压控制中扮演着重要的角色。

Objective To explore the relationship between life style and blood pressure.Methods To investigate males aged 45-55 in five workshops of a Chongqing plant.Results Mean age was 51,and mean SBP and DBP were 120.21?mmHg(15.99?kPa) and 79.89?mmHg(10.63?kPa).Prevalence of hypertension was 20.3%;prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 16.7%;rate of overweight (BMI≥25?kg/m2) was 23.4%.SBP and DBP were positively associated positively with BMI(partial correlation coefficient:0.33 and 0.41 P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis indicated that relative risks(95%CI) of overweight for the risk of HT was 4.92(2.43-9.95).Sodium excretion of 24 hours showed a weak positive correlation with blood pressure(r=0.23,r=0.22,P<0.05).Means of sodium/potassium ratio was 6.77,and the percent of sodium/potassium ratio higher than recommendation (ratio<3) was 98.55%.Males with higher educational level(receiving education year ≥10 years) had lower blood pressure,lower sodium excretion,and lower ratio of sodium/potassium.Conclusion Overweight and higher dieted sodium was the risk factor for prevalence of hypertension.Education played an important role in public health for controlling high BP in Chinese population.