科尔沁沙地人工种草的战略地位与现状分析——以内蒙古通辽市为例

Tactic Phase and Potential of Grass Plantation in Horqin Sand Land -Taking Tongliao City of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an Example

文中借助于ETM图像判读数据、统计资料与实际调查资料分析后认为,通辽市人工种草现状不容乐观,但尚有潜力可挖。人工种草在通辽市具有战略意义,它不但能够增加农民的收入,而且更重要的是能够促进生态环境的改善。近几年通辽市降水量偏少,加上目前该区水田和水浇地发展过快以及大面积乔木林的营造,使得潜水位由10a前的3～4m下降到现在的6～8m,潜水位的下降已危及现有乔木林分的存在,并间接危及天然植被的盖度和生物量,进而会引起新的恶性循环,因此,调整种植结构、大力提倡人工种草具有现实意义。通过对人工种草的现状与问题分析后认为,通辽市人工种草发展舍饲畜牧业的潜力在农区而非草原区,其中发展玉米青储尤为可行。

The phase and potential of grass plantation in Tongliao city has been discussed by means of analysis on ETM images, statistic and investigation data. It is concluded that the situation of grass plantation was poor, but its potential is great. Grass plantation is of great strategic significance in this district, which can not only increase the income of peasant, but also promote the improvement of ecological environment. Because of the decreasing precipitation and the rapidly developing irrigation lands as well as the afforestation in large scale the groundwater level has been fallen down from 3～4 m at 10 years ago to 6～8 m at present. This will endanger the existence of arbor stand, indirectly influence the coverage and biomass of natural vegetation, and further arise new vicious circle of ecological environment. The potential of grass plantation to promote the development of shed\|raised livestock lies in arable lands rather than in steppe region, especially the green storing of maize is particularly feasible.