用丁二酸酐和二乙醇胺合成超支化聚合物的研究

Study on the Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polymers Using Succinic Anhydric and Diethanolamine

目前,国内外超支化聚合物的合成有两种方法,即"一步法"和"准一步法",所用反应大部分是多官能团ABx(x≥2)单体的自缩聚反应或烯烃的可控自聚合反应。应用准一步法由丁二酸酐和二乙醇胺为起始原料初步合成了几种超支化聚合物;确定了适宜的合成路线和合成反应条件,考察了带水剂和封端剂的影响,并对合成出的超支化聚合物的一些简单性质进行了初步测试。试验结果表明,第一步反应时间很短为1h,第二步缩合脱水反应时间为10h(甲苯为带水剂),第三步封端脱水为10h。甲苯为带水剂较好;封端剂苯甲酸、丙烯酸、α-甲基丙烯酸对产物收率、粘度、溶解性、颜色等的影响不大,产物收率在90%以上,比浓对数粘度在0.035～0.060dL/g之间。

There are two methods (one-pot procedure and pseudo one-pot procedure) for synthesis of hyperbranched polymers ceerently.Most reactions synthesizing the polymers are monomer self-condensation polymerization of monomer multi-functional groups ABx(x≥2) or controlled polymerization of olefin.Several hyperbranched polymers were synthesized using succinic anhydride and diethanolanmine as initial raw materials by 'pseudo-pot procedure'.The suitable synthesis route and reactionary condition were determined.The effect of water-taking agent and capping agent were investigated.Some properting of the synthesized hyperbranched polymers were tested.The result shows that it takes 1 h for the first step,10 h for the second step (condensating-dehydrating toluene as water-taking agent) and 10 h for the third step (capping-dehydrating).Toluene is suitable water-taking agent for the synthesis of hyperbranched polymers.As the capping agent,benzoic acid,crylic acid and α-methacrylic acid do not largely affect the yield,viscocity,solubility and colourity.The yied was more than 90% and the viscidity was in the range of 0.035～0.060 dL/g.