合法性论证与叙事选择——兼论路翎的两部小说

Validity Argumentation and Narrative Choice ——On Two Novels by Lu Ling

上个世纪50年代初针对路翎《洼地上的“战役”》的批判,主要集中在个人主义、温情主义、悲剧气氛三方面,其根本原因在于建国后文学要承担起证明现实秩序合法化的功能,而《洼地上的“战役”》在以上三方面未能承担此功能。这场批判一方面指出“什么不可以写”,另一方面暗示了“应该怎样写”,作家们也在此要求下作出了合乎规范的叙事选择,路翎同题材的长篇小说《战争,为了和平》即是一个明显的例证。经过这样的规范,当代文坛既迎来了创作上的一个丰收期,也遗留下了模式化、教条化的痼疾。

Retrospecting the animadversion on Lu Ling's Battle in the Billabong in the fifties of last century, this article . advocates that the criticism concentrates on the individualism, undue leniency and tragic atmosphere. The fundamental reason lies in that, in the 1950s, literature should function as the witness of legalization of the current order, while Battle in the Billabong does not carry out this function. The animadversion indicated 'what should not to be written'on one hand, and implied 'how to write' on the other. So writers chose normative narrative techniques according to the demand, and Lu Ling's novel War for Peace is an exact example. By the criterion, our literature met with a harvesting period and meanwhile some deep-rooted setbacks of too many patterns and doctrines.