汉代模型明器中的水田类型

Types of Paddy Fields Known from Funeral Models of the Han Period

过去,由于古代文献记载的疏略,有关汉代中国南方稻作农业发展的情况人们所知甚少。近几十年来,在考古发掘的墓葬中出土了大量水田模型明器。这些水田模型的发现,大大丰富了人们关于汉代稻作农耕技术发展水平的认识。这些水田模型主要是陶制的,此外也有少量为石制,其年代主要为西汉末期至东汉时期,也有少量属魏晋时期的。出土的地点主要在四川、重庆、陕西南部、云南、贵州以及广东和广西地区。

Funeral models of paddy fields have been unearthed in a large number from tombs of the Han period in part of South China. Based on data of archaeological excavation, the present paper classifies them into three types: models of large-sized paddy fields, those of small-sized ones, and those of terraces. Furthermore, the author preliminarily studies their relationship with then rice-farming forms and the factors of the emergence of different paddy field types in the Han period. He also discusses the unit area and geographical environments of paddy fields at that time.