大众文化及其可持续发展(上)

Sustainable Development of the Public Culture

中国大众文化崛起于 2 0世纪后半叶 ,伴随改革春风的吹拂而觉醒 ,根植于市场经济沃土而成长 ,迅速壮大为与主流文化、精英文化并驾齐驱 ,形成三足鼎立的社会主干性文化形态 ,从根本上改变了中国文化的传统格局 ,积极影响了国民人格塑造和社会发展面貌 ,但也引发了多重社会效应和争议。大众文化从实质上说是在现代工业社会产生、与市场经济发展相适应的一种市民文化。一方面同与其共时态的主流文化、精英文化相互区别和对应 ;另一方面同传统自然农业经济社会里的各种民间文化、通俗文化相区别 ,其基本特性表现在商业性、流行性、娱乐性和普及性。要使大众文化向人文化、科学化、国际化和民族化的正确方向发展 ,需要对它的运行过程整体控制 ,并进行人文提升和科学化改造 ;促进大众文化与其他文化形态的多元整合 ,从而成为适应可持续发展要求的新型大众文化。

China's public culture,which has appeared since the second half of the 20th century and awakened with the breeze of the reform and opening,has taken roots and grown rapidly in the soil of market economy.In less than 20 years,it has become one of the three main social cultures ,side by side with main stream culture and elites culture.This has fundamentally changed China culture pattern in restructuring the Chinese character and affecting the appearance of social development,but as well brought about many social effects and disputes.In essence public culture is a kind of citizens'culture generated in modern industry and accustomed to the development of market economy.On the one hand,it is differernt from and correponding to the main stream culture and elite culture.On the other hand,it is differernt from all kinds of folk culture and popular culture in traditionally natural agriculture economy society,featured basically in being commercial,epidemic,entertaining and popular.If public culture is to be developed in a right direction to become humanity,scientific,international and nationality,the wholly control over the developing course,promotion by humanity and remaking by science are need.Besides,public culture should be propelled to realise pluralistic conformity with other forms of cultures in order to turn into a new type of public culture suitable to sustainable development.