汉语同源词词群考

Some Notes on the Chinese Congnate Words Groups

本文所从事的语源学研究是汉语史研究的重要组成部分 ,在系联同源词的过程中 ,首先就上古音总结出同源词之间的语音转移规则 ,确定了“大”、“小”、“乱”三个义类 (即语源义 ) ,然后就上古文献钩稽有关词汇 ,以同义词互训同训为经 ,以同源词音转可通为纬 ,归纳出“博”、“小～”、“悖”三个同源词词群。研究结果表明 ,汉语词汇并非散沙一盘 ,汉语的词汇系统就是由一个一个同源词词群组成的。本文还利用亲属语言同源词进行词汇和语音的历史比较研究 ,文中推求的语根表明 :汉语前上古音存在 smp_、 tsl_、 mp_等复辅音声母。

This paper is concerned the research of etymology,which is the important component in the history of Chinese Studies.With relating the cognate words,the author summarizes the rules of phonetic sound changes between the cognate words,and makes certain the three categories of meanings(i.e.etymological meanings)'large'?'small'?'confused'.He looks up the relative vocabulary in the ancient works,and concludes three cognate words groups '博'?'? ??'悖'by studying the mutually explained synonyms and the phonetic sound changed cognate words.The research shows that Chinese vocabulary is not independent,the Chinese vocabulary system is consituted one-by-one cognate words groups.This paper also studies the historical comparisons of vocabulary and phonetic sound in Chinese cognate words with cognate words in related languages, by the inquired radicals in the paper it shows that there are consonant clusters such as ** smp-? ** tsl-? ** mp-,etc.in pre-ancient Chinese phonetic sound.