摘要
自1991年外国石油投资进入俄罗斯石油勘探开发领域以来,已有上百个油气田列入按产量分成合同开发的清单,但仅有3个项目按产量分成协议正式实施,其他均处在待实施或谈判及待审批阶段。项目进展缓慢的原因,一方面是外国公司承担的风险很大,致使投资者持非常谨慎的态度;另一方面俄罗斯的税收制度、法律基础、项目审批制度、配套基础设施等对外国投资项目的顺利实施形成了严重障碍。中国石油天然气集团公司与俄罗斯就中俄石油管道问题的合作研究进行了9年。2002年12月,中油集团拟参与俄罗斯斯拉夫公司的竞拍,但未获成功。深入分折和比较外国石油公司在进入俄罗斯过程中遇到的问题,对于加快与俄罗斯在油气领域的合作步伐,加强两国在油气领域的合作,对促进亚洲能源市场的稳定具有重要的意义。建议今后我国石油企业与俄罗斯合作,要加大工作力度,加强多层面的直接交流,同时还要加强对俄罗斯法律法规的研究,并借鉴西方石油公司的经验和教训。
More than 100 oil and gas fields in Russia have been listed for production-sharing contracts since 1991 when foreign oil firms started investing in the Russian oil and gas exploration and development. However, only three projects have been implemented based on production-sharing contracts. The rest are still under the process of negotiation or examination and approval. The slow progress of the projects can be attributed to two causes: 1) the risk for foreign firms is so great that investors are extremely cautious; and 2) the taxation system, the legal basis, the examination and approval system for projects, and the supporting infrastructure pose severe obstacles to implementation of the foreign investment projects. CNPC has conducted joint research on the Chinese-Russian oil pipeline project with the Russian side for nine years. It is of great value to make an in-depth analysis and comparison of the issues that foreign companies have come across in operating in Russia. It is helpful to accelerate oil and gas cooperation with Russia and promote the stability of Asian energy market. It is proposed that Chinese oil enterprises should strengthen cooperative efforts with their Russian counterparts at all levels while making study of the Russian laws and regulations, and borrowing experiences and lessons from the western oil companies.
出处
《国际石油经济》
2003年第2期34-36,56,共4页
International Petroleum Economics
