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酚氧化酶研究概况Ⅱ——基因结构及其系统演化 被引量:2

ADVANCE ON THE STUDY OF PHENOLOXIDASE Ⅱ——GENE STRUCTURE AND ITS PHYLOGENETICS
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摘要 基因克隆、序列测定以及基因表达分析等分子生物学技术是 20世纪 80年代才开始广泛应用的分析手段.近年来,有关酚氧化酶 (Phenoloxidase,PO)的分子生物学研究也取得了很大进展.在脊椎动物中,已知酪氨酸酶 DNA和 cDNA序列的动物有:人、小鼠、鸡、蛙和青鱼 [1].小鼠酪氨酸酶是编码 533氨基酸的蛋白质,其中含有信号肽和 6个糖基化位点.与蜘蛛血蓝蛋白的亚基进行序列比较,发现有两个序列保守区,其中一个为铜结合位点 [2].从鸡胚的视网膜色素上皮中克隆的酪氨酸酶含有 9个糖基化位点和 3个跨膜域,与小鼠和人酪氨酸酶氨基酸序列的一致性分别为 72%和 73%,铜结合位点的组氨酸和半胱氨酸也是保守的 [3].由日本池蛙酪氨酸酶 cDNA推导的氨基酸序列与小鼠和人的酪氨酸酶显示高度同源性.在相应位点也包含可能的糖基化位点和保守的半胱氨酸.在 N-末端和 C-末端分别有两个疏水区,这两个区可能是信号肽和跨膜域.铜的结合位点在这 3个品种以及 Neurospora crassa, Streptomyces antibbioticus和 S.glaucescens中都是高度保守的 [1].
出处 《海洋科学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2003年第5期8-10,共3页 Marine Sciences
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