试论司马迁史学思想

Sympathetic History and Objective History—On Si Ma-qian's Historical Thought

在历史研究中 ,动情往往与失真同义 ,而司马迁站在各个传主的立场观察世界 ,理解历史 ,自觉或不自觉地站在众多的角度观察世界 ,其总和也就成为一个更接近真实、更有立体感的历史形象 ,在他笔下 ,每个人物都免不了人的劣根性 ,都摆脱不了在社会中所面临的困境。一部《史记》读到今 ,深深吸引人们的东西 。

In study of history, emotion usually means inaccuracy. Si Ma-qian, the great historian in Han dynasty, always wrote history in the position of historical figures he recorded in his book. Consciously or unconsciously, he intended to observe the world from various angles to recreate history more vividly and objectively. What he wrote was a stereophonic picture of history. Every historical figure he described had his or her vulnerablility were unable to free themselves from their predicament. Historical Records written by Si Ma-qian revealed human nature: both evil and goodness. That is why it has never lost its charm to the readers since it was written tow thousand years ago.