生成的辩证法与现成的辩证法——萨特《辩证理性批判》解读

Genetical Dialectics and Present Dialectics-Unscrambling Sartre' s Critique of Dialectical Reason

在国内学界,萨特不能算是被冷落的人。可是在中国学人眼中,萨特主要是作为文学家和存在主义哲学家(1950年以前作为法国存在主义者的“第一个萨特”)被解读的;不知有意还是无意,人们忽略了已经走向马克思主义的“第二个萨特”,特别是忽略了他的《辩证理性批判》。作为西方马克思主义者的萨特。

In the book Critique of Dialectical Reason, Sartre tries to establish a kind of structural historical humanism. He argues that the fundamental structure of historical dialectics is the contradiction between personal existence introduced by demand and shortage of real material, and that the individuals tries to transcend the given conditions through labor, but they plunge into the dominion of practical alienation and figuration in order to change the present situations. This is the alienation which occurs in the existential nounemon, therefore the genetical dialectics of personal practice is overturned to present dialectics of inert practice.