云南省4个地区780名孕产妇预防HIV/AIDS母婴垂直传播知识态度调查

Knowledge,attitude and behaviors related to HIV/AIDS mother-to-Child transmission among pregnant women in Yunnan.

目的 了解云南省艾滋病病毒 (HIV)不同流行地区孕妇时艾滋病 (AIDS)的知识、态度及行为 ,为开展宣传教育、阻断母婴垂直传播自愿咨询、检测提供依据。方法 选择省、地区、县不同地理分布 ,孕妇HIV感染率高、中、低的 4个地区孕产妇为调查对象 ,用问卷调查表收集关于AIDS ,特别是母婴垂直传播有关的知识、态度及行为方面资料。结果 4个地区共调查 780名孕产妇 ,其中 6 41人听说过AIDS ,占 82 2 %,有关三种传播途径的正确回答率为 5 5 0 %～ 83 7%,但 73%的孕产妇认为日常生活中共餐、接吻、握手或入厕等会传播 ,37 2 %的人对婚前性行为的观念表示接受 ,77 2 %～ 81 8%的孕产妇认为婚检及产前检查中应加入HIV检测 ,91 4%的孕产妇愿意医生为其提供有关HIV知识宣传 ;83 6 %～ 84 5 %孕产妇愿意接受人工流产术、剖腹产及降低垂直传播的药物治疗。6 2 1%的孕产妇认识到安全套可预防AIDS传播。结论 孕产妇对AIDS的认识比较低 ,但愿意积极参与降低HIV垂直传播的工作。应加强预防AIDS宣传教育 ,特别是尽快在重点地区探索开展降低孕妇HIV垂直传播的工作 ,以预防AIDS的母婴垂直传播。

Objective To understand HIV vertical transmission related knowledge,attiudes and behaviosrs among pregnant women in Yunnan,and to provide basis for HIV voluntary counseling,test and prevention to pregnant women.Methods Four sites with various HIV prevalence rates among pregnant women at provincial,prefecture and county levels were selected for the survey.An interviewer administrated questionnaire was used for data collection that included demographic information,attitudes and behaviors towards HIV vertical transmission.ResultsA total of 780 subjects were interviewed,among whom 641 had ever heard of AIDS,accounting for 82.2%.The correct answer to three transmission routes of HIV ranged from 55.0% to 83.7%;73% of them had wrong idea about the means of transmission thinking that kiss,hand shaking and toilet using might transmit HIV 37.2% of them had engaged in a premarital sex;77.2% to 81.8% of pregnant women believed that HIV test should be added to premarital medical chek-ups and regular pre-delivery exam;91.4% of them preferred that HIV related knowledge be provided by medical staff;83.6% to 84.5% of interviewed women were willing to adopt abortion,or Caesarean birth or medical treatment for the purposes of decreasing HIV vertical transmission;62.1% of them were convinced of the role of the condom for the prevention of HIV infection.Conclusion Among pregnant women,the knowledge related to AIDS and vertical transmission was so poor at four sites in Yunnan and no significant difference was found between the four sites.But most of them were willing to cooperate and participate in the activities of HIV vertical transmission control.Education and pilot vertical transmission control program at target epidemic areas should be implemented as soon as possible to bring the HIV vertical transmission under control.