黄东海平原海岸潮汐河口地貌剖析

Geomorphological Analyses of Tidal River Mouths along the Coasts of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea

对比分析了灌河、射阳河、长江和钱塘江河口的地貌差异,指出长江为喇叭状三角洲,钱塘江为强潮河口湾,灌河与射阳河属于过渡型河口,并通过对影响河口地貌发育的背景因素的比较,指出径流和潮流的强弱对比、陆域和外海的泥沙量以及河口的边界条件是形成这些地貌差异的主要原因.

Contrasting analyses on the geomorphological differences of the mouths of four rivers, the Yangtze River, the Qiantang River, the Guanhe River and the Sheyang River, show that the Yangtze River mouth is a tidedominated delta, the Qiantang river mouth is a typical hornshape estuary with strong tide, while the Guanhe River and the Sheyang River are transitional mouths between estuaries and deltas. Background factors that infulence the development of the tidal river mouths are runoff of the river, tidal current, estuarial circumfluence and sediment transportation. Among them, the ratio of the river discharge and the flood tide discharge, the amount and the source of the sediments and the boundary condition, are the main causes of the different landforms for the tidal river mouths.