关于荒漠化几个理论问题的讨论

A Discussion on Problems of Desertification

在概述我国有关荒漠化概念及其分类方面所存在问题及现有分歧的基础上,认为造成这些问题及分歧的主要原因在于目前理论界缺乏对荒漠化概念中"度'"的规定和认识,即荒漠化的本质是土地退化,但荒漠化并不等于土地退化,两者之间应该有个度的差别及其规定,否则就没有必要在"土地退化"的基础上再提出一个"荒漠化"的概念.并且认为我国学术界对荒漠化研究重实践而轻理论的倾向造成了长期以来我国在荒漠化理论应用中的不确定和不统一性.虽然作为《联合国荒漠化公约》的签署国之一,政府有责任在全面理解公约的基础上认真执行其规定,但在学术界仍然有必要倡导对其理论与实践问题的深入研究并阐述其科学立场,以便促进该学科的进一步完善.因此,就荒漠化的概念和分类,谈了有关荒漠化的"度"、中国的土质荒漠化以及人为荒漠化等几个问题.

There exist some discrepancies in the concept of desertification and its classification in China. The main reason is the lack of common perception of the 'Dimension' of desertification. It is true that desertification belongs to natural land degradation, but desertification is not equivalent to land degradation. There should be a discrimination of 'Dimension' between these two definitions. Otherwise, there is no necessity to determine again a conception of 'desertification' after 'land degradation'. Therefore, in this paper, we present the concept of 'Dimension' in desertification and propose that some particular prescribe on land degradation in the definition of desertification be given. Author thinks yet that the present study on desertification presents the trend of thinking much of it practically but thinking little of it theoretically, which disadvantages it either practically or theoretically. Although our government is obligated to implement CCD based on the understanding of its perception, the academic circle should be encouraged to address the scientific base for the effective realization of the goal in the CCD. On the basis of the opinions mentioned above, authors have explained the conception of earthy desertification and the man-made desertification as well as the 'Dimension' of desertification. 