城市污水处理厂生命周期评价方法初探及应用案例

Probe into life cycle assessment method of municipal wastewater treatment plants and application cases

研究了一套适用于城市污水处理厂的生命周期评价体系.该体系不仅考虑了环境因素,而且考虑了经济和技术因素.在评价中将污水处理过程看做产品的生产过程,即原水作为原材料,出水为产品,污泥是产品生产过程中的副产品.在影响评价中运用层次分析法对总考核指标(即综合效益)及各单项指标(即环境影响、经济效益和技术性能)的优劣性进行比较与分析,并通过具体实例的考察,对所提评价体系进行论证,评价出不同污水处理工艺的优劣性.

A method of life cycle assessment of municipal wastewater plants is discussed in this paper. Not only environmental load but also economic and technical factors are contained in it. The process of the treatment of wastewater is regarded as the process of the production of a product,namely, raw water is looked as material, effluent is looked as final product, and sludge is looked as byproduct. Analytic hiberarchy process is used to analyze the total standard as well as the single standard. It is demonstrated by the example of two municipal wastewater treatment plants.