洪武三十年春夏榜辨异

The Arguments of the Spring and Summer Bulletin in the Hongwu Thirtieth Years

春夏榜,亦称南北榜。对事发原委之分析大致有考官偏私、涉及党案、北士偶诎及所取太偏等几种看法。众多的事实表明,偏私、党案之说理由不充分,北士偶诎为隐讳之说法,所取太偏则道出了实情。春夏榜事件表面上是一起与党案有关的科考作弊案,而其深层则是一场政治权衡与倾轧,目的是想达致南北教化之平衡进而达致南北统治之平衡。这客观上有利于北方儒学的发展,推动了北方儒学的复兴;同时也为后继之君沿承这一政策,采取温和的取士名额分配制奠定了基础。

The spring and summer bulletin is also called the south and sorth bulletin.There are several po ints about the reason of the event such as examiners' bias,struggles among part ies,the accidental error of the northerner and the deviation of the enrollment.M any proofs have stated clearly:there are no enough reasons to support the first and second points;the third point is the saying of avoiding the fact;the forth point is reasonable.This event seems to be a cheating event of imperial examinat ion related with the struggles among parties.In fact,its deeper reason is a prob lem of political weighing and strife.Its purpose is to balance the confucian enl ightenment between south and north and then to balance the domination between th em.Objectively,it has the positive significance in the development of northern c onfucianism and in promoting the renewal of the northern confucianism.At the sam e time,it also lays a foundation for successive emperors to continue this policy and to take the gentle distribution system of enrollment.