GIS专题数据综合的研究

Study on Thematic Data Generalization in GIS

随着GIS技术在各种应用领域的推广使用,各领域的专业数据与GIS的空间数据相结合,形成描述特定地理现象的各种专题数据。与GIS空间数据一样,专题数据的应用也由微观的、较为详细地描述小区域地理现象特征,转向宏观的、较为概略地描述较大范围地理现象特征,这是专题数据综合的主要任务。该文在讨论GIS专题数据类型及特征的基础上,着重分析了专题数据综合的基本类型,并提出了专题数据综合的概念模型,为GIS专题数据自动综合的实施提供理论依据和实施方案。

With the application of GIS in other application fields, professional data in application fields integrates with spatial data in GIS to constitute the thematic data which describes the spatial, attributive and temporal information about a geographic phenomenon. As spatial data in GIS, thematic data also needs to be transferred from microcosmic, detailed information to relative macroscopical, generalized information. The detailed information presents the characteristics of geographic phenomenon in a smaller region, whereas the general information shows that in a relative wider region. The transformation from the detailed information to general information is the main task of thematic data generalization. At the present, there is no systematic research about the classification and the methods of thematic data generalization. This paper firstly discusses the classification and characteristics of thematic data, then focus on the classification for thematic data generalization. At last, a concept framework is proposed for thematic data generalization, which provides a basic scheme for automatic generalization of thematic data in GIS.